Knowing Elephantiasis

Filariasis is an infectious disease (Elephant Leg Disease) caused by filarial worms transmitted by various species of mosquitoes.This disease is chronic (chronic) and if not treated can cause permanent disability in the form of enlargement of the legs, arm sand genitals of both women and men. As a result patients can not work optimally even dependent on others.

A person can be infected or infected with the disease elephantiasis if the person is bitten by an infective mosquito is a mosquito-containing III-stage larvae (L3). Mosquito gets a small filarial worms (microfilariae) while sucking the blood of patients or animals containing the microfilaria reservoir containing the microfilaria. Transmission of the disease cycle kaiki this elephant through two stages of a development in the mosquito (vector) and the second stage of development in the human body (host) and reservoair.

Mass treatment of endemic areas carried out by using drugs Carbamazine Diethyl citrate (DEC) combined with Albenzol once a year for 5 / 10 years.

About Diarrhea

Diarrhea is a disease when patients experience frequent bowel movements and still have excessive water content. Diarrhea is the most common cause of death for children under five, killing more than 1.5 million people per year.

Until now, diarrhea remains a major cause of stomach illness and death in infants and children. Currently morbiditasi (illness)diarrhea in the World is still at 195 per 1,000 population and this figure is a figure that is still very high.

Diarrheal disease in infants and children, obstruct the development of the child which may ultimately reduce the quality of life of children in the future.

Diarrhea can cause death. Death is caused, because the loss of body fluids due to dehydration electrolyte. Then, it is known that bacteria cause diarrhea and vomiting is Vibrio Cholera El Tor biotype and in accordance with the name of the cause is the occurrence of outbreaks often occur at that time was more popular with the term El-Tor Cholera outbreak.

About Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF)

Disease Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a disease caused by dengue virus is transmitted through the bite of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, which causes disturbances in capillary blood vessels and the blood clotting system, resulting in bleeding-bleeding.

The disease is commonly found tropical areas like Southeast Asia, India, Brazil, the United States including in all corners of Indonesia, except in places a height of more than 1000 meters above sea level. Physicians and other health workers are often wrong in the diagnosis, because the initial symptoms resemble flu and other diseases such as typhoid (typhoid). The disease is transmitted through the bite of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus.

Knowing Anthrax

Anthrax is a disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus antrhacis that can be transmitted from animals to humans. Examples of animals that can transmit the disease, among others, cows, goats and sheep. Although the disease is not contagious among humans, the disease is very dangerous because it can infect the lungs, skin and digestive tract.

Symptoms can appear within 12 hours to 5 days after infection with the bacteria. Skin infection begins as a red-brown lumps of enlarged with swelling around it. Bumps turn into blisters and crusty. Patient felt unwell, muscle ache, headache, fever and nausea.

Skin infections were treated with injections of penicillin or tetracycline or erythromycin orally. While infection of the lung treated with intravenous penicillin. Corticosteroids are used to reduce lung inflammation.

About Monkeypox

The term monkey pox is relatively not as popular as smallpox other terms mentioned above. The disease is the scientific name is bullous impetigo, or some are calling vesikulo-bullous impetigo. In contrast toother types of smallpox caused by a viral infection, monkey pox is caused by the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. Clinically, the patient does not have a fever or general symptoms such as chickenpox or herpes zoster. The symptoms one gets is that the emergence of bubbles, especially in the armpits, chest, and back. It is fast emerging bubble burst and the amount is not so much, but often accompanied by miliaria (prickly heat). This disease is not as heavy as other diseases, because only limited to the skin layer. But of course it does not mean do not need to be treated. Moreover, because the cause is bacterial, the antibiotics necessary to destroy it rubbed on the affected place.

Some say, the disease is called monkey pox, causes abnormalities in the skin that looks to the layman is more or less similar to smallpox. While the origin is associated with monkeys, presumably because most skin itch once and often cause sufferers scratching his body constantly ... like a monkey.

About Snakepox (Herpes Zoster)

Despite its name the snakepox, the disease is not caused by a snake. Snakepox are common names for the disease Herpes Zoster. This disease is a form of reactivation disease chickenpox (varicella) who had suffered one before. Please note, if a person exposed to varicella-zoster virus infection for the first time, it will arise chickenpox disease. After recovery, the virus does not disappear entirely from the patient's body, but dwells in the patient's body, precisely in peripheral nerve ganglion sufferer. The virus that resides in the patient's body may reappear at any time and cause a disease called Herpes Zoster. Although there is a virus in his body, but most people do not experience disease Herpes Zoster. This is due to good body resistance that can suppress the virus is evolving. Conversely, in people who durability are declining, not infrequently the disease suddenly appeared to attack. Symptoms that occur in this disease is initially similar to chickenpox, the fever and body feels sore. Furthermore, slightly different from the chickenpox disease, although the same virus that causes it.

In the Herpes Zoster, bubbles appear in a group that resembles the line width on the basis of skin redness, which emerged from the back of the body and spread toward the front on one side of the body. Perhaps because the picture of disorder that such a picture of this snake, then there is called a snakepox. Actually, these bubbles can appear anywhere on the body, including the face, but most often from the back to the chest. There is a myth that says, if a row of bubbles emerging from both sides of the body, and both ends meet, it will be fatal consequences. This myth is not appropriate, but there are elements of truth here. Clearly, the rows of bubbles are generally appear only on one side only. When it comes to appear on both sides, meaning infectious disease is severe, and durability of the patient's body in a state of very weak and bad. Surely such a physical condition that it does have risks that can be fatal. Although rare, such cases can be found in patients receiving immunosuppressant therapy (suppression of the immune system) in long-term high doses or in people with HIV / AIDS.

About Varicella or Chickenpox

Chickenpox, although the name is similar to smallpox, is a different disease. Chickenpox, in medical language is called 'varicella', and in English is called chicken pox. The disease is caused by a virus called varicella-zoster virus. Similar to smallpox, the symptoms that appear equally there is fever. However, there are differences in the bubble that appears: small and not simultaneously, starting from the patient's body and then spread to other limbs. In general, the disease chicken pox is much lighter and not as dangerous as smallpox. Vaccination disease is actually already quite long, but no one has done a lot in Indonesia. Chickenpox vaccination until this day has not become part of the basic immunization program will be required, given the cost is still expensive so not everyone is able to reach them. Indonesian Pediatric Association (IDAI) currently chickenpox immunization schedule is for children aged 10 years and over, if it has not had chicken pox. However, if desired, and indeed capable, be given the vaccine already after 1 year of age, and repeated 10 years later to protect it as adults.

About Smallpox Or Variola

Variola / smallpox is caused by (pox virus) has been there since many centuries ago and are very contagious. Symptoms that occur for those who are infected are fever, and bubbles appear simultaneously at a pus-filled skin of the face, hands, feet, and finally the entire body. The disease is often fatal, especially if the infant or the elderly. For those who can heal anything, scars on the skin will give the form pockmarks. Fortunately, this disease no longer exists in the world.
In the 19th century, the worldwide effort to eradicate the disease by immunization. In the region of Indonesia, smallpox immunization has been conducted since 1856, by the Indian Government - Netherlands. After a long process and hard work, eventually the disease is not found anymore in Indonesia since 1974 and the subsequent WHO Indonesia set free from smallpox. Thanks to the cooperation of all the world, finally in 1980 the world was declared free of smallpox. Along with the destruction of smallpox, the last from then on no longer needed smallpox vaccination. News and discussion was increasingly disappearing. No wonder, finally there are also some lay people who have never heard of and unfamiliar with the disease was smallpox.