Fertility problems in women is often associated with cysts. In fact, it was thought a person affected by cysts in the ovary (ovary) would be difficult to get pregnant.
That opinion was not entirely true because in general the cysts are benign, small, and no effect on fertility. However, cysts can be dangerous when they are large. "Cyst is a neoplasm or a wild growth of new cells. Cysts can be said is risky and can result in neoplasmanya malignant ovarian cancer," said obstetrics and gynecology specialist Dr. Indra Anwar to the media in Jakarta some time ago.
According to Indra, someone could have been pregnant with a cyst. Anyway there is a pair of ovaries of a woman. If one of them distracted and do not work, there's still one more so that pregnancy can still occur.
"So, large cysts can interfere with pregnancy, not fertility," said the doctor from Bunda Hospital Jakarta again.
Furthermore, Indra explains the cyst has a diameter of more than 5 cm can be twisted in the event of pregnancy. As a result, cyst rupture and cause very severe pain.
When that happens, he added, can become necrotic and could result in embolism until death. That's why large cysts should be removed so as not to interfere and can be diagnosed by petologi. With the diagnosis can be known whether the cyst is benign or malignant.
Type of cyst
Indra explained that the cyst form of the membrane. There is a viscous fluid-filled, rather thick, namely dermoid. Dermoid cysts originating from ektodermal elements so that the cells like skin, which flattened epithelial cells, also shows hair follicles, sweat glands, sometimes bone elements. Dermoid cysts become malignant potential is relatively small, only about 1-3%.
However, he continued, the disease that impair fertility and is often misinterpreted as a cyst are endometriosis. Endometriosis is there in the form of cysts, because it is often called a cyst. In fact, the cysts are neoplasms, while the glands of endometriosis in the form of abnormal uterine wall and grow outside the uterus.
"Generally, endometriosis affects a woman's fertility and can form cysts in the ovaries," said Indra.
Endometrial cysts interfere with fertility because mechanically can lead to adhesions, adhesions. The existence of adhesions cause the process of ovum pick-up (release a mature egg cell), making it hard to catch fimbriea (end of the fallopian tubes). As a result, fertilization is unlikely.
In addition, said Indra, the cysts of endometriosis. The immunological fertility is also hampered because the emergence of immune reactions interfere with the function of egg cells, sperm, and embryos naturally.
''If left unchecked, will increasingly severe endometriosis and women generally trouble conceiving. From the survey, 40% of women who become pregnant are known to have endometriosis difficult in her womb.''
For that, he continued, needed surgery by laparoscopy. After surgery, 70% of women with mild endometriosis (stage 1 and 2) can return in a normal pregnancy. Conversely severe endometriosis (stage 3 and 4) will be difficult to conceive naturally even been treated, except by way of artificial insemination or IVF.
Although the cysts do not impair fertility, Indra recommend to always perform the early detection of ultrasonography (USG). Because, there is the possibility of malignant neoplasms and cysts that can cause ovarian cancer. As is known, ovarian cancer is the number three cause of cancer death of women in Indonesia after breast cancer and cervical cancer.
"If there is ovarian cancer, there is the possibility of reproductive organs such as ovaries or uterus should be removed so that pregnancy can not happen," said Indra.
When asked whether the cysts disrupt the sexual relationship of husband and wife, Indra said the cysts in the ovaries and vagina do not interfere. While that lies outside or on the vulva, can interfere. Especially if it happens inflammation, can cause pain.
But endometrial cysts, says Indra again, can interfere with sexual life because there will be pain during sexual intercourse.
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